Translations:Benutzer:Arian/Klett-Mini-Test/974/en

that of rye and oats. The former are moderately strong humus consumers and therefore make high demands on the preceding crop — well-manured root crops. Wheat is incompatible with barley as a preceding crop. In this case, as indeed in all cereal-heavy rotations (>50%) and with poorly decomposed straw masses, foot diseases appear — fungal infections at the stem base of wheat, such as take-all (Ophilus graminis) or eyespot (Cercosporella herpotrichoides). Regular alternation of leafy and cereal crops provides the remedy here. Maize occupies a special position among the Gramineae as a crop highly compatible with itself. Fungal infections can affect wheat and barley, less so oats and still less rye, across the entire shoot up into the ear. In wheat, the principal ones in the leaf zone are rusts (Puccinia) — yellow rust, brown rust, and black rust — and the bunt diseases (Tilletia); in the ear, (Helminthosporium gramineum), dwarf bunt and stinking smut; in barley, stripe disease (Ustilago avenae) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis), in the ear loose barley smut; in oats, loose oat smut; in rye, in the leaf zone snow mould (Fusarium nivale), in the ears ergot (Claviceps purpurea). Maize fits without difficulty into cereal-heavy rotations; foot diseases cannot harm it.