Translations:Benutzer:Arian/Klett-Mini-Test/946/en

The summer cereals — barley, wheat, and oats — benefit from early sowing; for this reason, as with all other spring-sown crops, they are exposed to heightened weed pressure. They compete with weeds already germinating at lower temperatures: corncockle (Agrostemma githago), common poppy (Papaver rhoeas), cleavers (Galium spec.), black bindweed (Polygonum convolvolus), and later chickweed (Stellaria media), gallant soldier (Galinsoga parviflora), and orache (Atriplex patula), as well as, among the weed grasses, wild oat (Avena fatua). The window for control before sowing is short, so that repeated post-sowing cultivation with weeder harrow, light harrow, and hoe is required up to stem elongation. Pre-emergence working is possible with the net weeder; after emergence one must wait for further measures until the third-leaf stage.